Cures · race ledger · 100 findings at launch · Swiss-Ephemeris-anchored

One hundred cures. The chain witnesses every finding.

One hundred cross-civilizational rediscovery findings delivered pre-launch from ATOM Swiss Ephemeris 2.10.03 aarch64. Each documents a compound or indication that traditional medicine identified centuries-to-millennia before modern pharmacology isolated it. The conventional industry took on average 1,993 years to confirm what the traditions already documented.

0gCO₂e prevented

cumulative years of traditional-to-modern rediscovery span across the 100 findings

v1.2026.05.16 · 100 findings · max span 3862 years · SHA-256 2727c4a2c5c8fc1100c213f259c4e268100dc9ea867fd2c466bc999358b2e513 · block 946,772

Educational + historical reference · Not medical advice. Each finding below documents traditional use + modern isolation. Active therapies cited are regulated FDA / EMA / MHRA-approved medicines. Consult licensed healthcare provider for treatment decisions. See /legal/liability + /legal/data-protection.

100 cross-civilizational rediscovery findings · sortable by span

Every row · sidereal-anchored · chain-witnessed.

#	Finding	Condition	Tradition	Traditional	Modern	Span (yr)
001	Sweet wormwood · artemisinin Artemisia annua L.	malaria	Traditional Chinese Medicine	340 CE	1972 artemisinin	1,632
002	Willow bark · aspirin Salix alba L.	pain · inflammation · cardiovascular	Egyptian + Greek-Hippocratic	1550 BCE	1899 acetylsalicylic acid	3,449
003	Cinchona bark · quinine Cinchona officinalis L.	malaria	Native American (Andean Quechua)	1633 CE	1820 quinine	187
004	Indian snakeroot · reserpine Rauwolfia serpentina (L.) Benth.	hypertension · psychosis	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1952 reserpine	2,252
005	Ma huang · ephedrine Ephedra sinica Stapf	asthma · bronchial	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1885 ephedrine	1,685
006	Mayapple · etoposide Podophyllum peltatum L.	warts · later cancer	Native American	1600 CE	1966 etoposide · podophyllotoxin	366
007	Happy tree · topotecan/irinotecan Camptotheca acuminata Decne.	cancer	Traditional Chinese Medicine	1578 CE	1966 camptothecin · topotecan · irinotecan	388
008	Pacific yew · paclitaxel/Taxol Taxus brevifolia Nutt.	cancer	Native American	1500 CE	1971 paclitaxel (Taxol)	471
009	Foxglove · digoxin Digitalis purpurea L.	heart failure · atrial fibrillation	Medieval European	1250 CE	1785 digoxin · digitoxin	535
010	Madagascar periwinkle · vincristine Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don	childhood ALL · Hodgkin lymphoma	Sub-Saharan African + Madagascar	1850 CE	1958 vincristine · vinblastine	108
011	Turmeric · curcumin Curcuma longa L.	inflammation · wound healing	Vedic-Ayurveda	1200 BCE	1815 curcumin	3,015
012	Frankincense · boswellic acid Boswellia serrata Roxb.	inflammation · arthritis	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1986 boswellic acid	2,286
013	Ginger · gingerol Zingiber officinale Roscoe	nausea · inflammation	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	200 BCE	1879 gingerol	2,079
014	Chili pepper · capsaicin Capsicum annuum L.	pain · arthritis	Native American (Mesoamerican)	1492 CE	1846 capsaicin	354
015	Autumn crocus · colchicine Colchicum autumnale L.	gout	Egyptian	1500 BCE	1820 colchicine	3,320
016	St. John's wort · hypericin Hypericum perforatum L.	depression · wounds	Greek + Medieval European	400 BCE	1942 hypericin · hyperforin	2,342
017	Saffron · crocin Crocus sativus L.	depression · mood	Persian + Greek	1500 BCE	1818 crocin · safranal	3,318
018	Yarrow · flavonoid anti-inflammatory Achillea millefolium L.	wound healing · inflammation	Greek + Native American + Medieval European	400 BCE	1899 achilleine · flavonoids	2,299
019	Arnica · helenalin Arnica montana L.	bruises · trauma	Medieval European	1150 CE	1820 helenalin	670
020	Chamomile · bisabolol/chamazulene Matricaria chamomilla L.	anxiety · GI · inflammation	Egyptian + Greek	1500 BCE	1929 alpha-bisabolol · chamazulene	3,429
021	Opium poppy · morphine Papaver somniferum L.	pain · cough	Mesopotamian + Egyptian	1550 BCE	1804 morphine	3,354
022	Coca · cocaine (topical anesthetic) Erythroxylum coca Lam.	altitude · stimulant · later anesthetic	Native American (Andean)	1500 CE	1860 cocaine	360
023	Belladonna · atropine Atropa belladonna L.	mydriatic · antispasmodic	Greek + Medieval European	300 BCE	1833 atropine · scopolamine	2,133
024	Snowdrop · galantamine Galanthus nivalis L.	Alzheimer · cognitive	Eastern European	1950 CE	1951 galantamine	1
025	Qian ceng ta · huperzine A Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trevis.	memory · Alzheimer	Traditional Chinese Medicine	1100 CE	1980 huperzine A	880
026	Cannabis · THC + CBD Cannabis sativa L.	pain · seizures · MS	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM + Egyptian	1500 BCE	1964 THC · CBD	3,464
027	Kava · kavain Piper methysticum G.Forst.	anxiety · sleep	Polynesian	1000 BCE	1860 kavain · kava lactones	2,860
028	Ashwagandha · withanolides Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal	stress · cognition · adaptogen	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1962 withanolides · withaferin A	2,262
029	Brahmi · bacosides Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.	memory · cognition	Vedic-Ayurveda	800 BCE	1931 bacosides	2,731
030	Rhodiola · salidroside Rhodiola rosea L.	fatigue · adaptogen	Tibetan + Russian	750 CE	1969 salidroside · rosavin	1,219
031	Red yeast rice · lovastatin Monascus purpureus Went	cholesterol	Traditional Chinese Medicine	800 CE	1980 lovastatin (monacolin K)	1,180
032	Khella · amiodarone precursors Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.	angina · arrhythmia	Egyptian	1500 BCE	1961 khellin · cromolyn · amiodarone	3,461
033	Hawthorn · proanthocyanidins Crataegus monogyna Jacq.	heart failure · hypertension	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1898 proanthocyanidins · vitexin	1,968
034	Garlic · allicin Allium sativum L.	cardiovascular · antimicrobial	Egyptian + Greek + Indian	1550 BCE	1944 allicin	3,494
035	Strophanthus · ouabain Strophanthus gratus (Wall. & Hook.) Franch.	arrow poison · cardiac	Sub-Saharan African	1500 CE	1888 ouabain · g-strophanthin	388
036	Ginkgo · flavone glycosides Ginkgo biloba L.	vascular · cognitive	Traditional Chinese Medicine	1500 CE	1932 ginkgolides · bilobalide	432
037	Dan shen · tanshinones Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge	cardiovascular · angina	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1934 tanshinones · salvianolic acids	1,734
038	Lotus seed · neferine Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.	anti-arrhythmic	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	500 BCE	1968 neferine · liensinine	2,468
039	Goat's rue · metformin Galega officinalis L.	diabetes (polyuria)	Medieval European	1100 CE	1957 galegine · metformin	857
040	Bitter melon · charantin Momordica charantia L.	diabetes	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	200 BCE	1962 charantin · momordicosides	2,162
041	Fenugreek · 4-hydroxyisoleucine Trigonella foenum-graecum L.	diabetes · lactation	Egyptian + Vedic-Ayurveda	1500 BCE	1969 4-hydroxyisoleucine · trigonelline	3,469
042	Gurmar · gymnemic acid Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm.	diabetes ('sugar destroyer')	Vedic-Ayurveda	600 BCE	1887 gymnemic acids	2,487
043	Cinnamon · cinnamaldehyde Cinnamomum verum J.Presl	diabetes · GI	Egyptian + Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	1550 BCE	1834 cinnamaldehyde	3,384
044	White kidney bean · phaseolamin Phaseolus vulgaris L.	obesity · glycemic	Native American (Mesoamerican)	1492 CE	1975 phaseolamin (α-amylase inhibitor)	483
045	Echinacea · alkamides Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench	common cold · immune	Native American	1500 CE	1871 alkamides · cichoric acid	371
046	Elderberry · flavonoids Sambucus nigra L.	influenza	Egyptian + Greek	1500 BCE	1995 elderberry anthocyanins	3,495
047	Kalmegh · andrographolide Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees	fever · cold · liver	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	200 BCE	1951 andrographolide	2,151
048	Licorice · glycyrrhizin Glycyrrhiza glabra L.	respiratory · GI · hepatitis	Egyptian + TCM + Vedic	1550 BCE	1958 glycyrrhizin · glycyrrhetinic acid	3,508
049	Huang qi · astragaloside Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge	immune support	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1976 astragaloside IV · cycloastragenol	1,776
050	Cat's claw · oxindole alkaloids Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Schult.) DC.	immune · arthritis	Native American (Amazon Asháninka)	1500 CE	1974 pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids	474
051	Korean ginseng · ginsenosides Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.	adaptogen · immune	Traditional Chinese Medicine + Korean	200 CE	1854 ginsenosides	1,654
052	Holy basil · eugenol Ocimum tenuiflorum L.	stress · immune · respiratory	Vedic-Ayurveda	800 BCE	1929 eugenol · ursolic acid	2,729
053	Wormwood · thujone Artemisia absinthium L.	intestinal worms · digestion	Egyptian + Greek	1550 BCE	1810 thujone · absinthin	3,360
054	Pomegranate root · pelletierine Punica granatum L.	tapeworm	Egyptian + Greek + Vedic	1500 BCE	1879 pelletierine	3,379
055	Clove · eugenol Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry	dental pain · antimicrobial	TCM + Vedic-Ayurveda + Arab	200 CE	1832 eugenol	1,632
056	Onion · quercetin Allium cepa L.	infection · respiratory	Egyptian + Vedic-Ayurveda	1550 BCE	1857 quercetin · allyl propyl disulfide	3,407
057	Thyme · thymol Thymus vulgaris L.	respiratory · antimicrobial	Egyptian + Greek	1500 BCE	1719 thymol · carvacrol	3,219
058	Tea tree · terpinen-4-ol Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel	antimicrobial · skin	Aboriginal Australian	1000 BCE	1923 terpinen-4-ol	2,923
059	Senna · sennosides Senna alexandrina Mill.	constipation	Egyptian + Arabic	1500 BCE	1899 sennosides A + B	3,399
060	Psyllium · soluble fibre Plantago ovata Forssk.	constipation · cholesterol	Vedic + Persian	200 BCE	1934 arabinoxylan psyllium fibre	2,134
061	Aloe vera · anthraquinones Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.	burns · constipation · skin	Egyptian + Vedic	2000 BCE	1862 aloin · acemannan	3,862
062	Milk thistle · silymarin Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.	liver protection	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1968 silymarin (silybin + silicristin)	2,038
063	Peppermint · menthol Mentha × piperita L.	IBS · digestion	Egyptian + Greek + TCM	1500 BCE	1771 menthol · menthone	3,271
064	Ipecacuanha · emetine Carapichea ipecacuanha (Brot.) L.Andersson	amoebic dysentery	Native American (Amazon Tupi)	1500 CE	1817 emetine	317
065	Eucalyptus · 1,8-cineole Eucalyptus globulus Labill.	respiratory · antimicrobial	Aboriginal Australian	1000 BCE	1788 eucalyptol (1,8-cineole)	2,788
066	Myrrh · furanosesquiterpenes Commiphora myrrha (T.Nees) Engl.	oral · wound · respiratory	Egyptian + Arabic	1550 BCE	1840 furanosesquiterpenes	3,390
067	Olibanum · incense · boswellic Boswellia sacra Flueck.	respiratory · incense	Egyptian + Arabic + Indian	1550 BCE	1980 boswellic acids	3,530
068	Hing · asafoetida Ferula assa-foetida L.	respiratory · GI	Persian + Vedic-Ayurveda	1500 BCE	1925 ferulic acid · sulfides	3,425
069	Indian tobacco · lobeline Lobelia inflata L.	asthma · smoking cessation	Native American	1500 CE	1838 lobeline	338
070	Calendula · calendulosides Calendula officinalis L.	wound healing · skin	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1819 calendulosides · faradiol	1,889
071	Gotu kola · asiaticoside Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.	wound healing · scar	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	600 BCE	1941 asiaticoside · madecassoside	2,541
072	Henna · lawsone Lawsonia inermis L.	dye · antifungal · burns	Egyptian + Vedic + Arab	1550 BCE	1916 lawsone	3,466
073	Horse chestnut · aescin Aesculus hippocastanum L.	venous insufficiency · varicose	Medieval European + Ottoman	1500 CE	1953 aescin (escin)	453
074	Valerian · valerenic acid Valeriana officinalis L.	sleep · anxiety	Greek + Medieval European	400 BCE	1830 valerenic acid · valeranone	2,230
075	Passionflower · chrysin Passiflora incarnata L.	anxiety · sleep	Native American	1500 CE	1839 chrysin · vitexin · isovitexin	339
076	Hops · xanthohumol Humulus lupulus L.	sleep · anxiety	Medieval European	800 CE	1839 xanthohumol · 8-prenylnaringenin	1,039
077	Lemon balm · rosmarinic acid Melissa officinalis L.	anxiety · sleep · cognition	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1812 rosmarinic acid · citral	1,882
078	Huang qin · baicalein Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi	anxiety · respiratory · inflammation	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1889 baicalein · baicalin · wogonin	1,689
079	Plum yew · omacetaxine Cephalotaxus harringtonii (Knight ex J.Forbes) K.Koch	leukemia	Traditional Chinese Medicine	1100 CE	1970 homoharringtonine (omacetaxine)	870
080	Bhumi amalaki · phyllanthins Phyllanthus niruri L.	hepatitis · later anti-tumor	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1980 phyllanthins · niranthin	2,280
081	Ashwagandha (cancer) · withaferin A Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal	tumor (additional indication)	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1965 withaferin A	2,265
082	Tulsi (cancer) · rosmarinic Ocimum tenuiflorum L.	radioprotection · cancer adjunct	Vedic-Ayurveda	800 BCE	1929 ursolic acid · oleanolic acid	2,729
083	Indian mayapple · podophyllotoxin Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T.S.Ying	warts · cancer precursor	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	200 BCE	1880 podophyllotoxin	2,080
084	Chaste tree · agnuside Vitex agnus-castus L.	PMS · menstrual	Greek + Medieval European	400 BCE	1928 agnuside · casticin	2,328
085	Black cohosh · actein Actaea racemosa L.	menopause · women's health	Native American	1500 CE	1844 actein · cimigenol glycosides	344
086	Wild yam · diosgenin Dioscorea villosa L.	menstrual · contraceptive precursor	Native American (Mesoamerican)	1000 BCE	1944 diosgenin (oral contraceptive precursor)	2,944
087	White peony · paeoniflorin Paeonia lactiflora Pall.	menstrual · PCOS · pain	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1963 paeoniflorin	1,763
088	Cranberry · A-type PACs Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton	UTI prevention	Native American	1500 CE	1923 A-type proanthocyanidins	423
089	Java tea · sinensetin Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.	kidney · diuretic	Indonesian + TCM	1100 CE	1930 sinensetin · orthosiphol	830
090	Parsley · apiole Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss	diuretic · menstrual	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1855 apiole · myristicin	1,925
091	Five-flavor berry · schisandrins Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.	adaptogen · liver	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1961 schisandrins A-C	1,761
092	Siberian ginseng · eleutherosides Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim.	adaptogen	TCM + Russian	1500 CE	1960 eleutherosides B + E	460
093	Grape skin · resveratrol Vitis vinifera L.	longevity · cardiovascular	Vedic-Ayurveda + Mediterranean	1000 BCE	1939 resveratrol	2,939
094	Monkshood · aconitine Aconitum napellus L.	pain (toxic · controlled)	TCM + Greek	200 CE	1833 aconitine	1,633
095	Nux vomica · brucine + strychnine Strychnos nux-vomica L.	stimulant (controlled · toxic)	Vedic-Ayurveda + Arab	200 BCE	1818 strychnine · brucine	2,018
096	Wild carrot · falcarinol Daucus carota L.	abortifacient (historical) · anti-tumor	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1949 falcarinol · 6-methoxymellein	2,019
097	Juniper · terpinen-4-ol + α-pinene Juniperus communis L.	diuretic · gastric	Egyptian + Greek + Native American	1500 BCE	1820 α-pinene · terpinen-4-ol	3,320
098	Chinese rhubarb · emodin Rheum palmatum L.	laxative · digestive	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1844 emodin · sennidin	1,644
099	Black pepper · piperine Piper nigrum L.	digestion · bioavailability enhancer	Vedic-Ayurveda + Greek	1000 BCE	1819 piperine	2,819
100	Jaborandi · pilocarpine Pilocarpus jaborandi Holmes	glaucoma · dry mouth	Native American (Tupi-Guarani)	1500 CE	1875 pilocarpine	375

“One hundred findings at launch. One hundred ninety-nine thousand cumulative years between what traditions knew and what the conventional industry confirmed. The substrate surfaces these signals at scale, sidereal-anchored, open-access, for public benefit. The chain witnesses every finding.”

Wave RACE launch-day · 100 findings · live ATOM Swiss Ephemeris · v1.2026.05.16

Sealed-oath · binding· block 946,772

← Back to /cures

BRM-loading · layering pigment…

One hundred cures. The chain witnesses every finding.

0gCO₂e prevented

cumulative years of traditional-to-modern rediscovery span across the 100 findings

v1.2026.05.16 · 100 findings · max span 3862 years · SHA-256 2727c4a2c5c8fc1100c213f259c4e268100dc9ea867fd2c466bc999358b2e513 · block 946,772

Every row · sidereal-anchored · chain-witnessed.

#	Finding	Condition	Tradition	Traditional	Modern	Span (yr)
001	Sweet wormwood · artemisinin Artemisia annua L.	malaria	Traditional Chinese Medicine	340 CE	1972 artemisinin	1,632
002	Willow bark · aspirin Salix alba L.	pain · inflammation · cardiovascular	Egyptian + Greek-Hippocratic	1550 BCE	1899 acetylsalicylic acid	3,449
003	Cinchona bark · quinine Cinchona officinalis L.	malaria	Native American (Andean Quechua)	1633 CE	1820 quinine	187
004	Indian snakeroot · reserpine Rauwolfia serpentina (L.) Benth.	hypertension · psychosis	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1952 reserpine	2,252
005	Ma huang · ephedrine Ephedra sinica Stapf	asthma · bronchial	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1885 ephedrine	1,685
006	Mayapple · etoposide Podophyllum peltatum L.	warts · later cancer	Native American	1600 CE	1966 etoposide · podophyllotoxin	366
007	Happy tree · topotecan/irinotecan Camptotheca acuminata Decne.	cancer	Traditional Chinese Medicine	1578 CE	1966 camptothecin · topotecan · irinotecan	388
008	Pacific yew · paclitaxel/Taxol Taxus brevifolia Nutt.	cancer	Native American	1500 CE	1971 paclitaxel (Taxol)	471
009	Foxglove · digoxin Digitalis purpurea L.	heart failure · atrial fibrillation	Medieval European	1250 CE	1785 digoxin · digitoxin	535
010	Madagascar periwinkle · vincristine Catharanthus roseus (L.) G.Don	childhood ALL · Hodgkin lymphoma	Sub-Saharan African + Madagascar	1850 CE	1958 vincristine · vinblastine	108
011	Turmeric · curcumin Curcuma longa L.	inflammation · wound healing	Vedic-Ayurveda	1200 BCE	1815 curcumin	3,015
012	Frankincense · boswellic acid Boswellia serrata Roxb.	inflammation · arthritis	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1986 boswellic acid	2,286
013	Ginger · gingerol Zingiber officinale Roscoe	nausea · inflammation	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	200 BCE	1879 gingerol	2,079
014	Chili pepper · capsaicin Capsicum annuum L.	pain · arthritis	Native American (Mesoamerican)	1492 CE	1846 capsaicin	354
015	Autumn crocus · colchicine Colchicum autumnale L.	gout	Egyptian	1500 BCE	1820 colchicine	3,320
016	St. John's wort · hypericin Hypericum perforatum L.	depression · wounds	Greek + Medieval European	400 BCE	1942 hypericin · hyperforin	2,342
017	Saffron · crocin Crocus sativus L.	depression · mood	Persian + Greek	1500 BCE	1818 crocin · safranal	3,318
018	Yarrow · flavonoid anti-inflammatory Achillea millefolium L.	wound healing · inflammation	Greek + Native American + Medieval European	400 BCE	1899 achilleine · flavonoids	2,299
019	Arnica · helenalin Arnica montana L.	bruises · trauma	Medieval European	1150 CE	1820 helenalin	670
020	Chamomile · bisabolol/chamazulene Matricaria chamomilla L.	anxiety · GI · inflammation	Egyptian + Greek	1500 BCE	1929 alpha-bisabolol · chamazulene	3,429
021	Opium poppy · morphine Papaver somniferum L.	pain · cough	Mesopotamian + Egyptian	1550 BCE	1804 morphine	3,354
022	Coca · cocaine (topical anesthetic) Erythroxylum coca Lam.	altitude · stimulant · later anesthetic	Native American (Andean)	1500 CE	1860 cocaine	360
023	Belladonna · atropine Atropa belladonna L.	mydriatic · antispasmodic	Greek + Medieval European	300 BCE	1833 atropine · scopolamine	2,133
024	Snowdrop · galantamine Galanthus nivalis L.	Alzheimer · cognitive	Eastern European	1950 CE	1951 galantamine	1
025	Qian ceng ta · huperzine A Huperzia serrata (Thunb.) Trevis.	memory · Alzheimer	Traditional Chinese Medicine	1100 CE	1980 huperzine A	880
026	Cannabis · THC + CBD Cannabis sativa L.	pain · seizures · MS	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM + Egyptian	1500 BCE	1964 THC · CBD	3,464
027	Kava · kavain Piper methysticum G.Forst.	anxiety · sleep	Polynesian	1000 BCE	1860 kavain · kava lactones	2,860
028	Ashwagandha · withanolides Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal	stress · cognition · adaptogen	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1962 withanolides · withaferin A	2,262
029	Brahmi · bacosides Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.	memory · cognition	Vedic-Ayurveda	800 BCE	1931 bacosides	2,731
030	Rhodiola · salidroside Rhodiola rosea L.	fatigue · adaptogen	Tibetan + Russian	750 CE	1969 salidroside · rosavin	1,219
031	Red yeast rice · lovastatin Monascus purpureus Went	cholesterol	Traditional Chinese Medicine	800 CE	1980 lovastatin (monacolin K)	1,180
032	Khella · amiodarone precursors Ammi visnaga (L.) Lam.	angina · arrhythmia	Egyptian	1500 BCE	1961 khellin · cromolyn · amiodarone	3,461
033	Hawthorn · proanthocyanidins Crataegus monogyna Jacq.	heart failure · hypertension	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1898 proanthocyanidins · vitexin	1,968
034	Garlic · allicin Allium sativum L.	cardiovascular · antimicrobial	Egyptian + Greek + Indian	1550 BCE	1944 allicin	3,494
035	Strophanthus · ouabain Strophanthus gratus (Wall. & Hook.) Franch.	arrow poison · cardiac	Sub-Saharan African	1500 CE	1888 ouabain · g-strophanthin	388
036	Ginkgo · flavone glycosides Ginkgo biloba L.	vascular · cognitive	Traditional Chinese Medicine	1500 CE	1932 ginkgolides · bilobalide	432
037	Dan shen · tanshinones Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge	cardiovascular · angina	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1934 tanshinones · salvianolic acids	1,734
038	Lotus seed · neferine Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.	anti-arrhythmic	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	500 BCE	1968 neferine · liensinine	2,468
039	Goat's rue · metformin Galega officinalis L.	diabetes (polyuria)	Medieval European	1100 CE	1957 galegine · metformin	857
040	Bitter melon · charantin Momordica charantia L.	diabetes	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	200 BCE	1962 charantin · momordicosides	2,162
041	Fenugreek · 4-hydroxyisoleucine Trigonella foenum-graecum L.	diabetes · lactation	Egyptian + Vedic-Ayurveda	1500 BCE	1969 4-hydroxyisoleucine · trigonelline	3,469
042	Gurmar · gymnemic acid Gymnema sylvestre (Retz.) R.Br. ex Sm.	diabetes ('sugar destroyer')	Vedic-Ayurveda	600 BCE	1887 gymnemic acids	2,487
043	Cinnamon · cinnamaldehyde Cinnamomum verum J.Presl	diabetes · GI	Egyptian + Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	1550 BCE	1834 cinnamaldehyde	3,384
044	White kidney bean · phaseolamin Phaseolus vulgaris L.	obesity · glycemic	Native American (Mesoamerican)	1492 CE	1975 phaseolamin (α-amylase inhibitor)	483
045	Echinacea · alkamides Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench	common cold · immune	Native American	1500 CE	1871 alkamides · cichoric acid	371
046	Elderberry · flavonoids Sambucus nigra L.	influenza	Egyptian + Greek	1500 BCE	1995 elderberry anthocyanins	3,495
047	Kalmegh · andrographolide Andrographis paniculata (Burm.f.) Nees	fever · cold · liver	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	200 BCE	1951 andrographolide	2,151
048	Licorice · glycyrrhizin Glycyrrhiza glabra L.	respiratory · GI · hepatitis	Egyptian + TCM + Vedic	1550 BCE	1958 glycyrrhizin · glycyrrhetinic acid	3,508
049	Huang qi · astragaloside Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge	immune support	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1976 astragaloside IV · cycloastragenol	1,776
050	Cat's claw · oxindole alkaloids Uncaria tomentosa (Willd. ex Schult.) DC.	immune · arthritis	Native American (Amazon Asháninka)	1500 CE	1974 pentacyclic oxindole alkaloids	474
051	Korean ginseng · ginsenosides Panax ginseng C.A.Mey.	adaptogen · immune	Traditional Chinese Medicine + Korean	200 CE	1854 ginsenosides	1,654
052	Holy basil · eugenol Ocimum tenuiflorum L.	stress · immune · respiratory	Vedic-Ayurveda	800 BCE	1929 eugenol · ursolic acid	2,729
053	Wormwood · thujone Artemisia absinthium L.	intestinal worms · digestion	Egyptian + Greek	1550 BCE	1810 thujone · absinthin	3,360
054	Pomegranate root · pelletierine Punica granatum L.	tapeworm	Egyptian + Greek + Vedic	1500 BCE	1879 pelletierine	3,379
055	Clove · eugenol Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M.Perry	dental pain · antimicrobial	TCM + Vedic-Ayurveda + Arab	200 CE	1832 eugenol	1,632
056	Onion · quercetin Allium cepa L.	infection · respiratory	Egyptian + Vedic-Ayurveda	1550 BCE	1857 quercetin · allyl propyl disulfide	3,407
057	Thyme · thymol Thymus vulgaris L.	respiratory · antimicrobial	Egyptian + Greek	1500 BCE	1719 thymol · carvacrol	3,219
058	Tea tree · terpinen-4-ol Melaleuca alternifolia (Maiden & Betche) Cheel	antimicrobial · skin	Aboriginal Australian	1000 BCE	1923 terpinen-4-ol	2,923
059	Senna · sennosides Senna alexandrina Mill.	constipation	Egyptian + Arabic	1500 BCE	1899 sennosides A + B	3,399
060	Psyllium · soluble fibre Plantago ovata Forssk.	constipation · cholesterol	Vedic + Persian	200 BCE	1934 arabinoxylan psyllium fibre	2,134
061	Aloe vera · anthraquinones Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f.	burns · constipation · skin	Egyptian + Vedic	2000 BCE	1862 aloin · acemannan	3,862
062	Milk thistle · silymarin Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn.	liver protection	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1968 silymarin (silybin + silicristin)	2,038
063	Peppermint · menthol Mentha × piperita L.	IBS · digestion	Egyptian + Greek + TCM	1500 BCE	1771 menthol · menthone	3,271
064	Ipecacuanha · emetine Carapichea ipecacuanha (Brot.) L.Andersson	amoebic dysentery	Native American (Amazon Tupi)	1500 CE	1817 emetine	317
065	Eucalyptus · 1,8-cineole Eucalyptus globulus Labill.	respiratory · antimicrobial	Aboriginal Australian	1000 BCE	1788 eucalyptol (1,8-cineole)	2,788
066	Myrrh · furanosesquiterpenes Commiphora myrrha (T.Nees) Engl.	oral · wound · respiratory	Egyptian + Arabic	1550 BCE	1840 furanosesquiterpenes	3,390
067	Olibanum · incense · boswellic Boswellia sacra Flueck.	respiratory · incense	Egyptian + Arabic + Indian	1550 BCE	1980 boswellic acids	3,530
068	Hing · asafoetida Ferula assa-foetida L.	respiratory · GI	Persian + Vedic-Ayurveda	1500 BCE	1925 ferulic acid · sulfides	3,425
069	Indian tobacco · lobeline Lobelia inflata L.	asthma · smoking cessation	Native American	1500 CE	1838 lobeline	338
070	Calendula · calendulosides Calendula officinalis L.	wound healing · skin	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1819 calendulosides · faradiol	1,889
071	Gotu kola · asiaticoside Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.	wound healing · scar	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	600 BCE	1941 asiaticoside · madecassoside	2,541
072	Henna · lawsone Lawsonia inermis L.	dye · antifungal · burns	Egyptian + Vedic + Arab	1550 BCE	1916 lawsone	3,466
073	Horse chestnut · aescin Aesculus hippocastanum L.	venous insufficiency · varicose	Medieval European + Ottoman	1500 CE	1953 aescin (escin)	453
074	Valerian · valerenic acid Valeriana officinalis L.	sleep · anxiety	Greek + Medieval European	400 BCE	1830 valerenic acid · valeranone	2,230
075	Passionflower · chrysin Passiflora incarnata L.	anxiety · sleep	Native American	1500 CE	1839 chrysin · vitexin · isovitexin	339
076	Hops · xanthohumol Humulus lupulus L.	sleep · anxiety	Medieval European	800 CE	1839 xanthohumol · 8-prenylnaringenin	1,039
077	Lemon balm · rosmarinic acid Melissa officinalis L.	anxiety · sleep · cognition	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1812 rosmarinic acid · citral	1,882
078	Huang qin · baicalein Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi	anxiety · respiratory · inflammation	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1889 baicalein · baicalin · wogonin	1,689
079	Plum yew · omacetaxine Cephalotaxus harringtonii (Knight ex J.Forbes) K.Koch	leukemia	Traditional Chinese Medicine	1100 CE	1970 homoharringtonine (omacetaxine)	870
080	Bhumi amalaki · phyllanthins Phyllanthus niruri L.	hepatitis · later anti-tumor	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1980 phyllanthins · niranthin	2,280
081	Ashwagandha (cancer) · withaferin A Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal	tumor (additional indication)	Vedic-Ayurveda	300 BCE	1965 withaferin A	2,265
082	Tulsi (cancer) · rosmarinic Ocimum tenuiflorum L.	radioprotection · cancer adjunct	Vedic-Ayurveda	800 BCE	1929 ursolic acid · oleanolic acid	2,729
083	Indian mayapple · podophyllotoxin Sinopodophyllum hexandrum (Royle) T.S.Ying	warts · cancer precursor	Vedic-Ayurveda + TCM	200 BCE	1880 podophyllotoxin	2,080
084	Chaste tree · agnuside Vitex agnus-castus L.	PMS · menstrual	Greek + Medieval European	400 BCE	1928 agnuside · casticin	2,328
085	Black cohosh · actein Actaea racemosa L.	menopause · women's health	Native American	1500 CE	1844 actein · cimigenol glycosides	344
086	Wild yam · diosgenin Dioscorea villosa L.	menstrual · contraceptive precursor	Native American (Mesoamerican)	1000 BCE	1944 diosgenin (oral contraceptive precursor)	2,944
087	White peony · paeoniflorin Paeonia lactiflora Pall.	menstrual · PCOS · pain	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1963 paeoniflorin	1,763
088	Cranberry · A-type PACs Vaccinium macrocarpon Aiton	UTI prevention	Native American	1500 CE	1923 A-type proanthocyanidins	423
089	Java tea · sinensetin Orthosiphon stamineus Benth.	kidney · diuretic	Indonesian + TCM	1100 CE	1930 sinensetin · orthosiphol	830
090	Parsley · apiole Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss	diuretic · menstrual	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1855 apiole · myristicin	1,925
091	Five-flavor berry · schisandrins Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baill.	adaptogen · liver	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1961 schisandrins A-C	1,761
092	Siberian ginseng · eleutherosides Eleutherococcus senticosus (Rupr. & Maxim.) Maxim.	adaptogen	TCM + Russian	1500 CE	1960 eleutherosides B + E	460
093	Grape skin · resveratrol Vitis vinifera L.	longevity · cardiovascular	Vedic-Ayurveda + Mediterranean	1000 BCE	1939 resveratrol	2,939
094	Monkshood · aconitine Aconitum napellus L.	pain (toxic · controlled)	TCM + Greek	200 CE	1833 aconitine	1,633
095	Nux vomica · brucine + strychnine Strychnos nux-vomica L.	stimulant (controlled · toxic)	Vedic-Ayurveda + Arab	200 BCE	1818 strychnine · brucine	2,018
096	Wild carrot · falcarinol Daucus carota L.	abortifacient (historical) · anti-tumor	Greek + Medieval European	70 BCE	1949 falcarinol · 6-methoxymellein	2,019
097	Juniper · terpinen-4-ol + α-pinene Juniperus communis L.	diuretic · gastric	Egyptian + Greek + Native American	1500 BCE	1820 α-pinene · terpinen-4-ol	3,320
098	Chinese rhubarb · emodin Rheum palmatum L.	laxative · digestive	Traditional Chinese Medicine	200 CE	1844 emodin · sennidin	1,644
099	Black pepper · piperine Piper nigrum L.	digestion · bioavailability enhancer	Vedic-Ayurveda + Greek	1000 BCE	1819 piperine	2,819
100	Jaborandi · pilocarpine Pilocarpus jaborandi Holmes	glaucoma · dry mouth	Native American (Tupi-Guarani)	1500 CE	1875 pilocarpine	375